Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C). Line a 10x15-inch jelly roll pan with parchment paper. Grease the paper.
In a bowl, whisk flour, baking powder, baking soda, salt, and spices.
In a large bowl, beat eggs and sugar until thick and light. Mix in pumpkin and vanilla.
Fold in dry ingredients until just combined.
Pour batter into prepared pan and spread evenly. Bake for 13–15 minutes, until the top springs back when touched.
While the cake bakes, lay a clean kitchen towel flat and sprinkle generously with powdered sugar.
Immediately after baking, loosen edges of cake and turn it out onto the prepared towel. Peel off parchment. Roll the cake and towel together, starting from the short end. Cool completely.
For the filling: beat cream cheese, butter, powdered sugar, and vanilla until smooth and fluffy.
Carefully unroll the cake, spread filling evenly, and re-roll without the towel.
Wrap in plastic wrap and chill at least 1 hour before slicing.
Dust with powdered sugar before serving.